foreign [Music] I am Global product manager for Novo notice Pharma Tech responsible for quarter in quaternary ammonium compounds in this video we will be discussing how benzocrine chloride compares to other typical antimicrobials in Pharmaceutical formulations for users in API in Pharmaceutical formulations some examples of standard antimicrobials can be chlorexidine triclosan ethanol isopropyl alcohol or also several other types of quaternary ammonium compounds if we look at chloroxidine for example which is an excellent antimicrobial very widely used in in several Solutions the effectivity is very similar to the one from benzylconium chloride what we can see is a difference with the chlorexidine is that it does not have a proven efficacy against viruses and also it is not active in a so wide PH range as benzoconium chloride then we can also look at triclosan triclosan is quite effective antimicrobial as well however due to safety concerns and concerns about the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity and so on this product has been banned from several markets already um and then compared to iodine for example iodine is also very well known much higher concentrations of iodine are necessary to obtain the same level of effectivity as benzoconium chloride and also it has this the disadvantage that it can give an unwanted color to the final formulation then if we compare again to chloroxetine and and other quaternary ammonium compounds or even alcohols what is very interesting to notice is that for similar effectivity against the same range of microorganisms benzylconium chloride will act much faster and will control the microorganisms much faster than several other antimicrobials if we focus on topical applications where alcohol is very widely used you can also use quaternary ammonium compounds in these formulations such as benzoconium chloride for use in antiseptic wash skin disinfection wound is infection and so on when using alcohol the way it acts is by immediate contact and then it evaporates if you choose to use benzylconium chloride instead you can obtain a much longer lasting effect since it will remain on the skin for much longer time benzoconium chloride quaternary ammonium compounds in general are also much less irritating to the skin than alcohol in fact the usfda has reported several cases of toxicity due to contaminated alcohol with methanol and propanol then alcohol is also flammable and it can cause abuse as well so these are several aspects to consider when choosing an antimicrobial in topical applications thank you very much for watching this video if you have any questions you are very welcome to contact us [Music]